TABLE 4.
Vitamin C (mg/d). Usual intakes from food and beverages by DRI age-sex group and smoking status, Canadian adults (19+ y), n = 11,992 before outlier removal1–3
| Smoking status | n 4 | Mean | SE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | ||||
| 19–30 y | — | 765 | 105 | 5 |
| 31–50 y | — | 1839 | 103 | 4 |
| 51–70 y | — | 1965 | 98 | 3 |
| >70 y | — | 1105 | 94 | 3 |
| 19+ y | Nonsmoker | 4431 | 100 | 3 |
| Smoker | 1237 | 102 | 3 | |
| Females | ||||
| 19–30 y | — | 815 | 95 | 4 |
| 31–50 y | — | 2056 | 95 | 3 |
| 51–70 y | — | 2107 | 94 | 2 |
| >70 y | — | 1340 | 90 | 3 |
| 19+ y | Nonsmoker | 5248 | 94 | 2 |
| Smoker | 1067 | 94 | 3 |
Data Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey, Nutrition (2015) – Public Use Microdata File (PUMF).
Intakes are based on food and beverage consumption only and exclude intakes from vitamin or mineral supplements. All tables exclude lactating women, but not pregnant women, as they were not identifiable in the PUMF.
The National Cancer Institute method (NCI method) for estimating usual dietary intake was used. The following covariates were adjusted for in all NCI models: age, sex, dietary misreporting status, day of the week (weekend compared with weekday), and sequence of dietary recall analyzed (first or second). Outliers for nutrient intake were defined and removed using the methodology reported in Davis et al. (30). The NCI methodology was applied to each nutrient by DRI age-sex grouping and to the 19+ y pooled sample separately, hence small discrepancies between sample sizes and point estimates. All estimates were weighted for population-level estimates using sampling survey weights provided by Statistics Canada. All reported SEs were bootstrapped using the 500 boot weights provided by Statistics Canada.
For detailed intake distribution and comparisons to the DRIs, see Supplementary Tables.
Sample size after outliers were removed.