TABLE 4.

Differences in cognitive decline from age 55 to 75 y between the highest and lowest tertile of adherence to healthy diets¹

	Global cognitive function	Memory function	Information processing speed	Cognitive flexibility
Dietary indices	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)
mMDS	7.4% (1.0, 14.9)	—	9.5% (2.1, 18.4)	—
HDI	6.5% (0.3, 13.7)	—	—	—
mDHD15-index	6.5% (0.6, 13.6)	—	12.4% (5.5, 20.8)	10.3% (3.7, 18.3)

¹Differences expressed in percentages [mean (95% CI)]. Calculations are based on associations between adherence to the dietary indices and cognitive function, adjusted for age, age², tertiles × age, sex, level of education, apoE4 genotype, physical activity, smoking, marital status, energy intake, vitality, and mental health. Figures are only shown if differences in cognitive decline between highest and lowest tertiles were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Positive differences denote less cognitive decline in the highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile. HDI, Healthy Diet Indicator; mDHD15-index, modified Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 index; mMDS, modified Mediterranean Diet Score.