Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics by no, mild, moderate, and severe OSA from HSAT REI [n (%)].§
| Total N = 291 |
No OSA N = 163 (56%) |
Mild OSA N = 81 (28%) |
Moderate OSA N = 29 (10%) |
Severe OSA N = 18 (6%) |
p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [mean (SD)] | 41.1 (10.3) | 38.8 (9.8) | 44.2 (10.5) | 42.7 (8.3) | 45.8 (11.0) | <0.001 |
| Monthly income [mean (SD)] | 1,758.51 (2,068.93) | 1,716.78 (1,972.60) | 1,899.78 (2,340.92) | 1,520.00 (1,650.76) | 1,898.40 (2,356.86) | 0.83 |
| Gender | <0.001 | |||||
| Male | 126 (43.3%) | 54 (33.1%) | 40 (49.4%) | 19 (65.5%) | 13 (72.2%) | |
| Female | 165 (56.7%) | 109 (66.9%) | 41 (50.6%) | 10 (34.5%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
| Ethnic background | 0.002 | |||||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 188 (64.6%) | 113 (69.3%) | 51 (63.0%) | 10 (34.5%) | 14 (77.8%) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 103 (35.4%) | 50 (30.7%) | 30 (37.0%) | 19 (65.5%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
| Race | ||||||
| AI or AN | 13 (4.7%) | 2 (1.3) | 7 (9.2) | 3 (11.1) | 1 (5.9) | |
| Asian | 1 (0.3%) | 0 | 1 (1.3) | 0 | 0 | |
| B or AA | 24 (8.7%) | 16 (10.3) | 5 (6.6) | 2 (7.4) | 1 (5.9) | |
| NH or OPI | 1 (.3%) | 1 (.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| White | 197 (71.4%) | 119 (76.3) | 49 (64.5) | 16 (59.3) | 13 (76.5) | |
| Other | 23 (8.4%) | 9 (5.8) | 8 (10.5) | 4 (14.8) | 2 (11.7) | |
| More than one | 17 (6.2%) | 9 (5.7) | 6 (7.9) | 2 (7.4) | 0 | 0.3 |
| BMI Category (from self-report) | ||||||
| Underweight | 5 (1.8%) | 5 (3.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | <0.001 |
| Normal | 84 (29.5%) | 64 (39.8%) | 11 (14.1%) | 5 (17.9%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
| Overweight | 76 (26.7%) | 39 (24.2%) | 27 (34.6%) | 5 (17.9%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
| Obese | 120 (42.1%) | 53 (32.9%) | 40 (51.3%) | 18 (64.3%) | 9 (50.0%) | |
| Loud snoring | ||||||
| No | 224 (77.0%) | 139 (85.3%) | 56 (69.1%) | 16 (55.2%) | 13 (72.2%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 67 (23.0%) | 24 (14.7%) | 25 (30.9%) | 13 (44.8%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
| Gasping/choking in sleep | ||||||
| No | 275 (94.5%) | 156 (95.7%) | 76 (93.8%) | 25 (86.2%) | 18 (100.0%) | 0.14 |
| Yes | 16 (5.5%) | 7 (4.3%) | 5 (6.2%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Breathing interruptions in sleep | ||||||
| No | 272 (93.5%) | 157 (96.3%) | 74 (91.4%) | 25 (86.2%) | 16 (88.9%) | 0.12 |
| Yes | 19 (6.5%) | 6 (3.7%) | 7 (8.6%) | 4 (13.8%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
| Holding your breath while sleeping | ||||||
| No | 279 (95.9%) | 157 (96.3%) | 77 (95.1%) | 27 (93.1%) | 18 (100.0%) | 0.67 |
| Yes | 12 (4.1%) | 6 (3.7%) | 4 (4.9%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Poor, unrefreshing sleepa | ||||||
| No | 225 (77.3%) | 124 (76.1%) | 65 (80.2%) | 22 (75.9%) | 14 (77.8%) | 0.90 |
| Yes | 66 (22.7%) | 39 (23.9%) | 16 (19.8%) | 7 (24.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
| Diagnosis of comorbidityb | ||||||
| No | 273 (93.8%) | 156 (95.7%) | 76 (93.8%) | 24 (82.8%) | 17 (94.4%) | 0.068 |
| Yes | 18 (6.2%) | 7 (4.3%) | 5 (6.2%) | 5 (17.2%) | 1 (5.6%) | |
| Sleepiness, fatigue, or insomnia | ||||||
| No | 215 (73.9%) | 121 (74.2%) | 60 (74.1%) | 20 (69.0%) | 14 (77.8%) | 0.92 |
| Yes | 76 (26.1%) | 42 (25.8%) | 21 (25.9%) | 9 (31.0%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
| No symptoms | ||||||
| No | 273 (93.8%) | 154 (94.5%) | 74 (91.4%) | 28 (96.6%) | 17 (94.4%) | 0.72 |
| Yes | 18 (6.2%) | 9 (5.5%) | 7 (8.6%) | 1 (3.4%) | 1 (5.6%) | |
| ICSD-3A positive screen | ||||||
| No | 244 (83.8%) | 142 (87.1%) | 64 (79.0%) | 24 (82.8%) | 14 (77.8%) | 0.36 |
| Yes | 47 (16.2%) | 21 (12.9%) | 17 (21.0%) | 5 (17.2%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
§
Mean and standard deviations (SD) when noted.
a
Even after an adequate night's sleep
b
Hypertension, a mood disorder, cognitive dysfunction, coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
*
P-values for Chi-square test for categorical variables, and ANOVA for continuous variables (age and monthly income). P-values <.05 are bolded. 6 participants were missing information on BMI. REI (respiratory event index), HSAT (home sleep apnea test). AI (American Indian), AN (Alaska Native), B (Black), AA (African American), NH (Native Hawaiian), OPI (Other Pacific Islander).