Figure 1. Research workflow.

The chart shows that the data we used in this research was retrieved from Kumar et al. (2017). The data was afterward balanced accordingly. In the first experiment, we trained our model using the balanced training dataset. Subsequently, we validated and tested the model on the balanced and the imbalanced dataset. We did a similar workflow for the second experiment. However, instead of the balanced dataset, we trained the model on the imbalanced training dataset.