TABLE 1.
Essential clinicopathological features in the five groups (A‐E) proposed
| Group A (296) | Group B (18) | Group C (97) | Group D (65) | Group E (230) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Histological | Lepidic/papillary | With mucinous cribriform | With micropapillary | Mucinous/enteric | Acinar/solid |
| Cytological | TRU | TRU | TRU | Non‐TRU | TRU/non‐TRU |
| Immunohistochemical | TTF1+/HNF4α‐ | TTF1+/HNF4α‐ | TTF1+/HNF4α‐ | TTF1‐/HNF4α+ | TTF1+‐/HNF4α+‐ |
| Cell growth (Ki‐67 LI, mean ± SD) | Weak (0.08 ± 0.11) | Moderate (0.14 ± 0.09) | Moderate (0.15 ± 0.12) | Moderate (0.23 ± 0.22) | Strong (0.35 ± 0.18) |
| Frequency sW (s ≤ I/s≥II) | 42.0% (54.3%/8.9%) | 2.5% (2.1%/3.6%) | 13.8% (11.5%/20.1%) | 9.3% (9.5%/8.3%) | 32.4% (22.5%/59.5%) |
| Age median (range) | 68 (28‐86) | 61 (29‐79) | 73 (31‐82) | 68 (43‐84) | 69 (36‐87) |
| Gender M/F | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.42 | 1.8 | 3.5 |
| Smoking S/NS | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 7.3 |
| Prognosis (5 y‐DFS sW/s ≤ I) | Favorable (92.6%/94.3%) | Worse (79.8%/100%) | Worst (49.0%/61.3%) | Worse (54.5%/70.0%) | Worst (46.6%/63.2%) |
| Main drivers | EGFR | ALK/ROS1 | EGFR | KRAS/NRG1 | KRAS |
| Potential progressors | p53 loss27; CXCL14 gain;32 E‐cadherin loss, axin1 gain, wnt signal gain;34 MUC21 gain;16 DYRK2 gain;31 c‐met gain33 | TTF1 loss;46, 47 pulmonary surfactant system loss46 | p53 loss;12, 41 DUSP6 loss;43 S100A11 gain;37 FXYF3 loss;42 HDAC9 loss;39 miR31 loss;40 CTSL1 loss;44 TPM1 loss:45 CLIC4 loss38 |
Lung adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgical operation in Kanagawa prefectural cardiovascular center hospital from 1994 to 2013 (706 cases in total, 514 pathological stage 0/I and 192 II/III) were subjected. Number of cases examined in each of the groups is shown parentheses after the alphabets. Pathological stages were determined according to the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual (8th edition).50 Superscript numbers indicate the reference numbers.
Abbreviations: 5y‐DFS, 5‐y disease‐free survival; F, female; LI, labeling index; M, male; NS, nonsmoker; S, smoker; sW, whole pathological stage; s ≤ I, pathological stage 0 and I; S≥II, pathological stage II and III; TRU, terminal respiratory unit.