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. 2021 Jul 29;112(9):3669–3681. doi: 10.1111/cas.15051

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© 2021 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Drug susceptibility tests using tumor‐derived cancer tissue‐originated spheroid (CTOS) models. A, Experimental scheme using CTOS established from surgical specimens obtained by transurethral resection. B, TP53 mutations detected in the original tumors for CTOSs used in the study. C, CTOS from surgical specimens were treated as indicated and growth was calculated by dividing the volume measured on day 7 by that measured on day 1. All experiments were carried out in triplicate. *P <.05, CDDP + MK‐1775 vs MK‐1775 group. CDDP, cisplatin; N.S., not significant; Pt, patient