Table 1.

National Vaccination Coverage Rate and Year of Admission of Children <5 Years With Suspected Probable and Confirmed Bacterial Meningitis by Culture and/or PCR at the UTH Children’s Hospital, 2010–2019

Admission Year	National Vaccination Coverage Rate		Suspected Cases	Probable Cases	Confirmed Bacterial Meningitis Cases by Culture and PCR
					Confirmed Cases	Streptococcus pneumoniae	Haemophilus influenzae	Neisseria meningitidis
	Pentavalent	PCV10
2010	97	-	268	43 (16%)	4 (9%)	4 (100%)	0 (0)	0 (0)
2011	95	-	292	58 (20%)	13 (22%)	13 (100%)	0 (0)	0 (0)
2012	91	-	490	80 (16%)	34 (43%)	29 (85%)	3 (9%)	2 (6%)
2013	93	29a	583	91 (16%)	57 (63%)	42 (74%)	5 (9%)	10 (18%)
2014	92	88	521	78 (15%)	41 (53%)	20 (49%)	9 (22%)	12 (29%)
2015	90	81	500	64 (13%)	29 (45%)	11 (38%)	7 (24%)	11 (38%)
2016	99	98	471	65 (14%)	19 (29%)	11 (58%)	5 (26%)	3 (16%)
2017	94	94	245	35 (14%)	12 (34%)	9 (75%)	1 (8%)	2 (17%)
2018	90	90	239	46 (19%)	8 (17%)	5 (63%)	1 (13%)	2 (25%)
2019	88	89	202	38 (19%)	4 (11%)	4 (100%)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Total	-	-	3811	598	221	148	31	42

Abbreviations: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PCV10, 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; UTH, University Teaching Hospital.

NOTES: (1) PCV10 introduction July 2013. National Vaccination Coverage Rate (percentage) reference: Ministry of Health of Zambia, April 2020, Expanded Programme on Immunisation. M. Silitongo, February 2019, Unpublished data. (2) Pentavalent: The 5-in-1 vaccine giving protection against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and Hib. (3) PCV10: The 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine giving protection against pneumococal diseases caused by 10 serotypes (1, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F).

aYear PCV10 was introduced.