Table 3.

Human studies on the hypoglycaemic effects of G. lucidum.

References	Subjects	Interventions	Findings
Gao et al. 2004b	62 patients with T2DM	Multi-centered randomised controlled trial of GanopolyTM 1800 mg 3 times daily versus placebo for 12 weeks	Reduced HbA1c and fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels with GanopolyTM
Wang et al. 2008	46 patients with T2DM	Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled dry extract of G. lucidum 3000 mg or placebo for 12 weeks	No changes in fasting glucose or HbA1c but the plasma glucose area under the curve during a meal tolerance test was reduced more with G. lucidum extract
Chu et al. 2012	23 subjects with borderline elevations of blood pressure and/or cholesterol	Randomised, double-blind, cross-over study with a Lingzhi product 1.44 g daily or placebo for 12 weeks	No significant effect on HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure or lipids. Plasma insulin and HOMA-IR reduced with Lingzhi compared to placebo
Klupp et al. 2016	84 patients with T2DM and metabolic syndrome	Randomised controlled trial of G. lucidum 3 g/day or G. lucidum plus Cordyceps sinensis capsules, versus placebo for 16 weeks	No significant effect on HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure or lipids

HbA1c: Glycosylated Haemoglobin Level; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.