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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Sleep Res. 2020 Feb 29;29(5):e13000. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13000

Figure 2. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals of sleep characteristics for pregnant compared to non-pregnant women, overall and by race/ethnicity, National Health Interview Survey, 2004–2017.

Figure 2.

Models are adjusted for age, marital status, educational attainment, occupational class, household income, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, self-rated health status, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and depressive symptoms. Overall models are additionally adjusted for race/ethnicity. Analyses of short sleep duration excluded those who reported >9 hours of sleep. Analyses of long sleep duration excluded those who reported <7 hours of sleep. Analyses of sleep medication use included fewer than 50 participants in a cell of the crosstab between pregnancy status and the sleep outcome.