Table 1.
Patient demographics with pre- and post-COVID mRNA vaccine labs and antibody response.
| Healthy Controls | Untreated MS | Other DMT Treated MS | Patients on BCDT | Post COVID-19 | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients | 7 | 13 | 6 | 23 | 4 | ||
| Age [years] | 41.6 (10.5) | 45.4 (14.2) | 44.3 (15.5) | 43.5(12.4) | 61.3 (10.7) | 0.20 | |
| Female [n%] | 71.4 | 92.3 | 100 | 60.9 | 0 | 0.003 | |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 23.6 (5.5) | 27.3 (6.2) | 35.1 (9.9) | 32.4 (8.7) | 33.5 (5.1) | 0.03 | |
| Ethnicity | Caucasian [n%] | 57.1 | 100 | 100 | 82.6 | 75 | 0.01 |
| African American [n%] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 25 | ||
| Others [n%] | 42.9 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 0 | ||
| Comorbidities | DM [n%] | 0 | 0 | 16.7 | 8.7 | 75 | 0.0008 |
| HTN [n%] | 0 | 7.7 | 33 | 26.1 | 50 | 0.18 | |
| CKD [n%] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0.01 | |
| Other autoimmune [n%] | 14.3 | 23.1 | 33.3 | 0 | 0 | 0.08 | |
| Diagnosis | MS [n%] | 0 | 100 | 100 | 91.3 | 50 | |
| NMO [n%] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.7 | 0 | ||
| Optic neuritis [n%] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | ||
| Vaccine | |||||||
| [Pfizer n%] | 100 | 84.6 | 66.7 | 60.9 | 0.15 | ||
| Pre-Vaccine | ALC [K/uL] | ^2.0 (0.6) | 2.5 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.8) | 0.21 | |
| IGG [mg/dL] | 961.3 (245.5) | 1268.3 (334.5) | 968.5 (348.0) | 913.6(240.3) | 0.30 | ||
| IGA [mg/dL] | 147.8 (48.3) | 243.3 (87.0) | 183.8 (90.0) | 242.3 (191.6) | 0.46 | ||
| IGM [mg/dL] | 176.0 (97.1) | 151.3 (44.5) | 126.5 (75.7) | 67.8(53.1) | 0.003 | ||
| Positive Spike RBD Antibody [n%] | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 0.11 | ||
| Positive Nucleocapsid Antibody [n%] | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | |||
| Post-Vaccine | ALC [K/uL] | 1.7 (0.4) | 2.4 (1.0) | 1.6 (1.1) | *1.7 (0.6) | &1.8 (0.6) | 0.25 |
| IGG [mg/dL] | 718.6 (105.3) | 840 (261.3) | 884.4 (209.2) | 1088.7 (143.5) | 0.12 | ||
| IGA [mg/dL] | 163.6 (32.3) | 129.3 (32.0) | 197.9 (103.6) | 308.0 (71.1) | 0.08 | ||
| IGM [mg/dL] | 104.8 (57.4) | 60.0 (31.4) | 125.9 (216.9) | 89.7 (26.9) | 0.41 | ||
| Positive Spike RBD Antibody [n%] | 100 | 100 | 100 | 36.4 | 100 | <0.0001 | |
| Positive Nucleocapsid Antibody [n%] | 0 | 25 | 0 | 4.8 | 100 | 0.002 |
The values listed are mean (standard deviation). Categorical variables have been reported as a percentage and continuous variables have been reported with mean and standard deviation. P-values for categorical variables were calculated using the Chi-Square test. P-values for continuous variables were calculated using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test. Nonparametric tests were used due to non-normality of the continuous variables. P < 0.05 was considered significant, P < 0.01 highly significant.
^ For HC, only one time pre-vaccine Ig lab was done. & For post-COVID-19 patients, only one time lab was done (listed under post-vaccine as natural positive controls though these patients did not receive the vaccines). *1 patient in the BCDT group did not have post vaccine labs and was not included in the within-group comparisons.
DM, diabetes mellitus, HTN: hypertension, CKD: chronic kidney disease.