Table 2.
Comparison of immunological parameters of MS patients on BCDT with positive vs. negative anti-Spike RBD antibody response after two doses of COVID mRNA vaccines.
| Reference Range | Negative Anti-Spike RBD Antibody | Positive Anti-Spike RBD Antibody | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients | 14 | 8 | ||
| Age [years] | 43.5 (12.9) | 42.5 (12.7) | 0.95 | |
| Time interval last infusion to the 1st dose of vaccine [days] | 101.9 (91.3) | 312.9 (260.1) | 0.004 | |
| Total duration of therapy [days] | 647.9 (463.5) | 527.6 (394.0) | 0.71 | |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 33.1 (9.1) | 32.2(8.4) | 0.92 | |
| Pre-Vaccine | ||||
| CD3 [%] | 61–79 | 85.3 (8.1) | 79.7 (12.6) | 0.34 |
| CD4 [%] | 38–54 | 61.9 (7.6) | 56.8 (9.2) | 0.16 |
| CD8 [%] | 14–28 | 21.5 (7.5) | 21.0 (8.4) | 0.65 |
| CD19 [%] | 7–24 | 0.26 (0.7) | 4.9 (7.3) | 0.01 |
| CD20 [%] | 7–20 | 0.41 (0.8) | 5.07 (7.4) | 0.01 |
| CD16/56 [%] | 6–12 | 13.5 (8.1) | 14.7 (9.6) | 0.96 |
| C4: C8 [ratio] | 1.2–2.6 | 3.3 (1.4) | 3.2 (1.8) | 0.76 |
| CD3 [cells/cmm] | 732–3160 | 1514.6 (603.5) | 1288.8 (407.9) | 0.65 |
| CD4 [cells/cmm] | 456–2160 | 1093.8 (417.5) | 941.5 (382.3) | 0.39 |
| CD8 [cells/cmm] | 168–1120 | 385.4 (207.5) | 320.3 (109.4) | 0.65 |
| CD16/56 [cells/cmm] | 84–960 | 239.5 (163.3) | 240.7 (203.1) | 0.84 |
| CD19 [cells/cmm] | 84–800 | 3.4 (7.0) | 73.8 (109.8) | 0.01 |
| CD20 [cells/cmm] | 1–354 | 4.6 (8.1) | 76.3 (110.0) | 0.01 |
| ALC [K/ul] | 1.2–4.0 | 1.9 (0.8) | 1.4 (0.7) | 0.25 |
| IGG [mg/dL] | 620–1520 | 865.0 (256.6) | 1010.7 (185.8) | 0.24 |
| IGA [mg/dL] | 40–350 | 225.1 (218.8) | 276.7 (131.6) | 0.15 |
| IGM [mg/dL] | 50–370 | 50.1 (20.2) | 103.3 (80.1) | 0.19 |
| Post-Vaccine | ||||
| CD3 [%] | 61–79 | 84.0 (7.2) | 85.3 (8.2) | 0.96 |
| CD4 [%] | 38–54 | 60.9 (9.4) | 61.5 (4.3) | 0.79 |
| CD8 [%] | 14–28 | 21.3 (8.1) | 22.7 (10.2) | 0.87 |
| CD19 [%] | 7–24 | 1.0 (2.2) | 2.9 (2.1) | 0.07 |
| CD20 [%] | 7–20 | 1.3 (2.2) | 3.0 (2.0) | 0.01 |
| CD16/56 [%] | 6–12 | 13.7 (6.4) | 11.0 (6.4) | 0.32 |
| C4:C8 [ratio] | 1.2–2.6 | 3.5 (1.8) | 3.6 (2.7) | 0.96 |
| CD3 [cells/cmm] | 732–3160 | 1488.1 (587.3) | 1722.8 (451.5) | 0.43 |
| CD4 [cells/cmm] | 456–2160 | 1092.2 (475.4) | 1249.6 (350.3) | 0.49 |
| CD8 [cells/cmm] | 168–1120 | 367.1 (196.3) | 452.2 (247.2) | 0.56 |
| CD16/56 [cells/cmm] | 84–960 | 220.8 (101.5) | 224.8 (147.2) | 1.0 |
| CD19 [cells/cmm] | 84–800 | 19.9 (40.5) | 58.4 (49.6) | 0.03 |
| CD20 [cells/cmm] | 1–354 | 22.8 (41.4) | 59.8 (48.1) | 0.03 |
| ALC [K/ul] | 1.2–4.0 | 1.7 (0.6) | 2.0 (0.5) | 0.31 |
| IGG [mg/dL] | 620–1520 | 800.3 (206.3) | 1028.5 (140.6) | 0.04 |
| IgA [mg/dL] | 40–350 | 152.5 (69.0) | 249.7 (108.1) | 0.04 |
| IgM [mg/dL] | 50–370 | 131.9 (260.5) | 100.7 (85.7) | 0.37 |
The values listed are mean (standard deviation). P-values for continuous variables were calculated using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum nonparametric tests due to non-normality of the continuous variables. For these comparisons, the percentage of CD19 and CD20 levels were categorized as 0 (for values < 2%) and 1 (for values ≥ 2%) and similarly CD19 Abs and CD20 Abs were categorized as 0 (for values < 20 cells/cmm) and 1 (for values ≥ 20 cell/cmm) respectively. Between group comparisons were done using chi-square tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant. ALC, Absolute lymphocyte count.