Table 2.

Main applications of miniprobes

Technique	Targets	Examples
Intraluminal scanning (water filling of the lumen, dedicated balloon)	Mucosal neoplasms	Cancer staging (EEC, EGC)
	Subepithelial lesions	Differential diagnosis
	Esophageal wall layers	Gastric varices
	Vascular lesions	Dieulafoy’s lesion
	Structures within 2 cm from the gastrointestinal wall	Undetermined stenosis
		Corrosive esophageal injury
IDUS	CBD and main pancreatic duct including surrounding tissue	Small pancreatic and biliary tumors, stones, staging of cholangiocarcinoma
EDUS	Distal CBD and main pancreatic duct; ampulla	CBD-stones
		Periampullary tumors

IDUS: Intraductal ultrasound; EDUS: Extraductal ultrasound; EEC: Early esophageal cancer; EGC: Early gastric cancer; CBD: Common bile duct