Fig. 1.

The schematic diagram showing active transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2) secretion. Starting at the bottom right: New synthetic pro-TGF-β2 forms dimer/trimeric complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with the help of latent TGF-β2-binding protein (LTBP). These dimer/trimeric complexes are then further processed in the trans-Golgi network to form large latent complexes (LLCs). After they are secreted, the LLC may bind to various fibres in the extracellular matrix (ECM) with the help of LTBP. Eventually, the LLC is activated by a number of ECM factors, resulting in the formation of active TGF-β2. LAP, latency-associated peptide.