Table 3.

Antiangiogenic effects of extracts or bioactive constituents of Phyllanthus urinaria.

Extract/bioactive constituent	Cancer type	Study type	Mechanism	Reference
Aqueous	Mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma cells, HUVECs	In vivo and in vitro	Suppressed neovascularization in mice	[68]
Aqueous and methanolic	MeWo and PC-3HUVECs	In vitro	Suppressed of migration, invasion, and microcapillary like-tube structure formation in HUVECs	[69]
Aqueous	Human osteosarcoma xenograft mice	In vivo	Inhibition of cluster of differentiation 31	[70]
Ellagic acid	Chorioallantoic membrane in chicken embryo	In vivo	Inhibition of MMP-2	[71]
Methanolic	Male Sprague-Dawley rats, HUVECs	In vivo and in vitro	Suppression of vascular growth and tube formation	[72]
Aqueous	Hepatocellular carcinoma	In vivo and in vitro	Inhibition of migration	[73]