Table 2.
Outcomes of interest.
| Author, year | Final surgical outcome | Presence of retinal displacement N (%) | Amount and direction of retinal displacement | Visual acuity | Presence of visual symptoms | OCT outcomes | Final follow-up time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shiragami [3] | All successful reattachment | 27/43 (62.8%) | Downward = 43 eyes | Significant improvement in all patients | No patients complained of cyclovertical diplopia or slant | N/A | 6 months |
| 1–5° extorsion = 16 eyes | |||||||
| 1–4° vertical deviation = 13 eyes | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Pandya [6] | 1 failed reattachment | 5/5 (100%) | Downward = 5 eyes | Significant improvement in all patients | Vertical diplopia reported in 3/5 patients and 1/5 patients at 3-month follow-up | Residual subfoveal fluid = 1/5 | Mean follow-up: 5.8 months |
| Inferior redetachment = 1/5 | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Brosh [7] | All successful reattachment | PPV = 55/124 (44.4%) | Upward: | Significant improvement in all patients | Vertical: | Interdigitation zone abnormalities on the 6 mm OCT: | Median follow-up: 3 months |
| PR = 8/114 (7%) | PPV = 3 eyes | With displacement: | With displacement: | ||||
| PR = 6 eyes | 25/30 (83.3%) | 55/57 eyes (96.5%) | |||||
| Downward: | Without displacement: | Without displacement: | |||||
| PPV = 52 eyes | 65/117 (55.6%) | 135/162 patients (83.3%) eyes | |||||
| PR = 2 eyes | Horizontal: | ||||||
| Mean displacement | With displacement: | ||||||
| PPV = 0.297 mm | 20/30 (66.7%) | ||||||
| PR = 0.137 mm | Without displacement: | ||||||
| 62/117 (53%)∗ | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Schawkat [8] | All successful reattachment | 17/50 (34%) | Ranged between 1.0° and 7.5° | Significant improvement in all patients | 10/17 of patients with retinal displacement | N/A | 6 weeks |
|
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| Dell'Omo [10] | All successful reattachment | 40/125 (35.2%)† | Upward = 5 eyes | Significant improvement in all patients | No patients complained of cyclovertical diplopia or slant. | OCT sections of RVPs did not reveal characteristic features | 12 months |
| Downward = 39 eyes | |||||||
| 18–58° extorsion = 28 eyes | |||||||
| 18–38° intorsion = 3 eyes | |||||||
| 18–48° vertical deviation = 13 eyes | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Codenotti [11] | All successful reattachment | 12/23 (52.2%)‡ | Downward = 10 eyes | Significant improvement in all patients | 2/23 complained of vertical diplopia and vision distortion | N/A | 3 months |
| Upward = 2 eyes | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Cobos [15] | All successful reattachment | 12/20 (60%) | Downward = 12 eyes | Significant improvement in all patients | N/A | OCT analysis showed no differences in retinal displacement cases | 3 months |
|
| |||||||
| Casswell [13] | All successful reattachment | 100/203 (49.26%)∗∗ | Face-down = 0.5° at 8 weeks, 0.3° at 6 months | Significant improvement in all patients | More diplopia reported in face-down patients (1.5%) compared to support-the-break (7.6%) | N/A | 6 months |
| Support-the-break = 0.8° at 8 weeks, 0.9° at 6 months | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Dell'Omo [16] | All successful reattachment | 7/20 (35%) | N/A | Significant improvement in all patients | N/A | N/A | 4 weeks |
|
| |||||||
| Guber [9] | All successful reattachment | 17/50 (34%) | Downward shift | Significant improvement in all patients | 10/17 with retinal shift reported distorted vision | N/A | 2 months |
| Shift between 1.0° and 7.5° | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Lee [5] | All successful reattachment | PPV + gas: | Displacement is typically heterogeneous | N/A | PPV + gas: | PPV + gas: | Median follow-up: 29 days |
| Mac-off = 22/32 (72%) | Magnitude of displacement associated with extent of retinal detachment in degrees of involvement above (p=0.0003) and below the fovea (p=0.02) | Mac-off = 22/32 (72%) | Mac-off = 15/32 (47%) ORF (n = 6); SRF (n = 1); outer-retinal photoreceptor layer defects (n = 3); ERM (n = 1); full thickness macular fold (n = 1) or hole (n = 1) | ||||
| Mac-on = 5/17 (29%) | Mac-on = 2/17 (12%)§ | Mac-on = 4/17 (24%) | |||||
| PPV + SO : Mac-off = 2/2 (100%) | ORF (n = 2); CME (n = 1); ERM (n = 1) | ||||||
|
| |||||||
| Shiragami [12] | All successful reattachment | 38/86 (44.2%) | Downward shift | N/A | Group 1 = 1/44 patients | N/A | 3 months |
| 1–7° extorsion | |||||||
| 1–9° vertical deviation | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Dell'Omo [4] | All successful reattachment | 4/33 (12.1%) | N/A | Significant improvement in all patients | 22 (67%) complained of postoperative metamorphopsia | ORF = 14 (42.4%) | Median follow-up: 24 days |
| IRF = 16 (48.8%) | |||||||
| IS/OS skip reflectivity abnormalities = 8 (24.2%) | |||||||
| Photoreceptor IS/OS band disruption at the fovea = 10 (30.3%) | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Casswell [14] | All successful reattachment | 61.4% of FC images | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 8 weeks |
| 52.8% of cSLO images | |||||||
∗147 patients were evaluated for metamorphopsia; †40 eyes in the SF6 group and 4 eyes in the SO group. ‡Occurrence of retinal displacement was higher in eyes with gas tamponade (10 of 14 eyes; 71.4%) compared with eyes with silicone oil (2 of 9 eyes; 22.2%) (p=0.036). ∗∗At 6 months, retinal displacement was detected in 42 of 100 (42%) in the face-down positioning group vs. 58 of 103 (56%) in the support-the-break positioning group (odds ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.01–3.11; p=0.04). §Of those with retinal shift, symptoms were present in 83% (19/23). Of those with evidence of shift, symptoms were present in 86% (19/22). CME = cystoid macular edema; ERM = epiretinal membrane; N/A = not available; ORF = outer-retinal fold.