Figure 2.

Partial Dependence Plots (PDPs) of the key physical aspects of the built environment: (a) $\%$ of the transportation cost as a percentage of income and (b) average number of vacant properties. In each sub-figure, on the $x\text{-}axis$, the values of the particular independent variable is plotted, and on the $y\text{-}axis$, the partial effect of the independent variable on the response variable is depicted. The black curve is the average partial effect of the predictor variable and blue lines indicate the $95\%$ confidence intervals.