TABLE 1.
Methodological and technical aspects of the TMS studies
| Study | n | Age | TMS paradigms. | F (Hz) |
Intensity % of rMT |
Time | Site | Neuronav. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wold et al. (2014) | 16 | rTMS | 1 | 80/40 | 20 min | Left EBA | Yes | |
| Peviani et al. (2018) | 24 | 23.9 | rTMS | 1 | 100 | 15 min | Right PMv | Yes |
| Kammers et al. (2009) | 13 | 22.2 | rTMS | 1 | 80 | 20 min | Left IPL | *ex post |
| Fossataro et al. (2018) | 32 | 24 | rTMS | 1 | 90 | 20 min | Hand area left M1 | No |
| MEP | 100 | Hand area right M1 | No | |||||
| Frey et al. (2020) | 18 | 30.9 | iTBS | 80 | Right S1 | No | ||
| Mioli et al. (2018) | 25 | iTBS | 80 | Right PMv/right IPL | Yes | |||
| Ticini et al. (2018) | 16 | 26.4 | imTBS/cTBS | 80 | Left IPL | No | ||
| MEP | 120 | Left M1 | No | |||||
| Della Gatta et al. (2016) | 44 | MEP | 110 | Hand area left M1 | No | |||
| Schütz‐Bosbach et al. (2006) | 14 | 24 | MEP | 105 | Hand area left M1 | No | ||
| Schütz‐Bosbach et al. (2009) | 15 | 24.7 | CSP | **130 | Hand area left M1 | No | ||
| Burin et al. (2017) | 14 | MEP/rMT | 120 | Hand area left/right M1 | No | |||
| Karabanov et al. (2017) | 7 | 31.9 | MEP | 100 | Hand area right M1 | Yes | ||
| 20 | MEP/ISI/pp | 100 | Right M1/right aIPS | Yes | ||||
| Isayama et al. (2019) | 26 | 45.2 | MEP/pp | 90 | Left PPC‐left M1 | Yes | ||
| 27 | 44.7 | SAI/LAI/DNS | Hand area left M1 | No |
Abbreviation: aIPS, Anterior intraparietal sulcus; CSP, Cortical silent period; cTBS, Continuous theta burst stimulation; DNS, Digital nerve stimulation; EBA, Extrastriate body area; F, frequency; imTBS, Intermediate theta burst stimulation; IPL, Inferior parietal lobule; ISI, Inter stimulus interval; iTBS, Intermittent theta burst; LAI, Long‐latency afferent inhibition; M1, Primary motor cortex; MEP, Motor‐evoked potential; MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging; PMv, Ventral premotor cortex stimulation; pp, paired pulse; rMT, Resting motor threshold; rTMS, Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; S1, Primary somatosensory cortex; SAI, Short‐latency afferent inhibition.