Table 7.
Known external causes of brain injury for the ABI-RESTaRT cohort (n=1011)
| Cause of ABI, n (%) | Total, n=1011 | Traumatic, n=353 |
Non-traumatic | Neurological, n=103 | |
| Stroke, n=292 | Other NTBI, n=263 | ||||
| Individuals with known external causes of injury | 512 (50.6) | 347 (98.3) | 51 (17.5) | 111 (42.2) | 3 (2.9) |
| Accidents | |||||
| Accidental fall | 61 (11.9) | 58 (16.7) | 1 (2) | 2 (1.8) | – |
| Motor vehicle accident (including pedestrian) | 172 (33.6) | 167 (48.1) | – | 4 (3.6) | 1 (33.3) |
| Motorbike accident | 29 (5.7) | 29 (8.4) | – | – | – |
| Cycling accident | 14 (2.7) | 13 (3.8) | – | 1 (0.9) | – |
| Quad bike accident | 4 (0.8) | 4 (1.2) | – | – | – |
| Railway accident | 3 (0.6) | 3 (0.9) | – | – | – |
| Drowning and submersion | 3 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | – | 2 (1.8) | – |
| Other accident | 12 (2.3) | 9 (2.6) | 1 (2) | 2 (1.8) | – |
| Unspecified accident | 10 (1.9) | 8 (2.3) | – | 2 (1.8) | – |
| Poisoning and toxic effect of drugs, medicaments or gases | |||||
| Accidental overdose | 12 (2.3) | – | 1 (2) | 11 (9.9) | – |
| Intentional overdose | 19 (3.7) | – | 1 (2) | 18 (16.2) | – |
| Unknown intent | 9 (1.8) | – | – | 9 (8.1) | – |
| Complication of chronic substance use | 20 (3.9) | – | 3 (3.9) | 16 (14.4) | 1 (33.3) |
| Intentional self-harm (excluding poisoning) | |||||
| Hanging or strangulation | 4 (0.8) | – | – | 4 (3.6) | – |
| Jumping from high place, or in front of moving object | 7 (1.4) | 7 (2) | – | – | – |
| Drowning | 1 (0.2) | – | – | 1 (0.9) | – |
| Unspecified suicide | 2 (0.4) | 1 (0.3) | – | 1 (0.9) | – |
| Complications of medical and surgical care | |||||
| Abnormal reaction during surgical or medical procedure | 78 (15.2) | 2 (0.6) | 42 (82.4) | 33 (29.7) | 1 (33.3) |
| Adverse effects of drugs, medicaments and biological substances during therapeutic use | 2 (0.4) | – | 1 (2) | 1 (0.9) | – |
| Assault | 50 (9.8) | 45 (13) | 1 (2) | 4 (3.6) | – |
| Individuals with known internal or unknown causes | 499 (49.4) | 6 (1.7) | 241 (82.5) | 152 (57.8) | 100 (97.0) |
Percentages for each group were calculated using the number of individuals with known external causes of injury recorded as the denominator. Individuals with known internal or unknown causes were not included in the count.
ABI-RESTaRT, Acquired Brain Injury Community REhabilitation and Support Services OuTcomes CohoRT; NTBI, non-traumatic brain injuries.