Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and clinical manifestations of the COVID-19 among studied participants according to the severity of disease
| COVID-19 disease severity | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild n = 38 (45.2%) |
Moderate n = 27 (32.1%) |
Severe n = 19 (22.6%) |
||
| Gender | ||||
| Number (%) of women | 15 (39.5%) | 15 (55.6%) | 7 (36.8%) | |
| Number (%) of men | 23 (60.5%) | 12 (44.4%) | 12 (63.2%) | 0.372 |
|
Age (year)a (mean, standard deviation) |
51 ± 14 | 59 ± 14 | 81 ± 7 | < 0.001 |
|
Having a history of chronic HTN, diabetes, CVDs or COPD |
18 (50.0%) | 19 (70.4%) | 15 (78.9%) | 0.07 |
| Having history of neurological disease | 10 (27.8%) | 12 (44.4%) | 6 (31.6%) | 0.372 |
| Delusion | 1 (3.1%) | 1 (3.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.928 |
| Dizziness | 4 (12.5%) | 5 (18.5%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.415 |
| Headache | 7 (21.9%) | 8 (29.6%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.303 |
| Vertigo | 4 (12.5%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.228 |
| Seizure | 4 (12.5%) | 1 (3.7%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.356 |
| Fever | 20 (62.5%) | 22 (81.5%) | 10 (52.6%) | 0.100 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 10 (29.4%) | 10 (37.0%) | 12 (63.2%) | 0.051 |
| Myalgia | 11 (28.9%) | 3 (11.1%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.109 |
| Respiratory symptoms | 25 (65.8%) | 17 (63%) | 15 (78.9%) | 0.771 |
| Loss of appetite | 9 (23.7%) | 10 (37%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.078 |
| Fatigue | 7 (18.4%) | 9 (33.3%) | 8 (42.1%) | 0.255 |
| Vomiting | 8 (21.7%) | 5 (18.5%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.738 |
| Constipation | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.555 |
| Diarrhea | 3 (7.9%) | 2 (7.4%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.970 |
| Other GI Symptomsb | 5 (13.2%) | 3 (11.1%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.543 |
| Dysphagia | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.454 |
aData are presented as mean (standard deviation)
bOther GI symptoms include: reflux, stomachache, and stomach tenderness