Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics in the diabetes and the non-diabetes groups.
| Variables | Total population ( n = 719) | P-value | Propensity-matched patients ( n = 578) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes (n = 316) | Non-diabetes (n = 403) | Diabetes (n = 289) | Non-diabetes (n = 289) | |||
| Age (years) | 57.8 ± 10.2 | 56.7 ± 10.2 | 0.141 | 57.4 ± 10.2 | 56.6 ± 10.2 | 0.347 |
| Male | 261 (82.6) | 342 (84.9) | 0.412 | 240 (83.0) | 243 (84.1) | 0.736 |
| Current smoking | 201 (63.6) | 248 (61.5) | 0.570 | 184 (63.7) | 185 (64.0) | 0.931 |
| Hypertension | 209 (66.1) | 245 (60.8) | 0.140 | 186 (64.4) | 180 (62.3) | 0.605 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 227 (71.8) | 278 (69.0) | 0.406 | 208 (72.0) | 199 (68.9) | 0.412 |
| LVEF (%), at baseline | 60.2 ± 8.6 | 62.6 ± 6.7 | <0.001 | 61.45 ± 7.2 | 62.5 ± 6.6 | 0.066 |
| eGFR (mL/min) | 91.3 ± 16.6 | 93.1 ± 13.7 | 0.107 | 92.15 ± 16.2 | 93.35 ± 13.7 | 0.340 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.45 ± 0.9 | 2.51 ± 1.0 | 0.399 | 2.47 ± 0.9 | 2.49 ± 1.1 | 0.778 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 7.11 ± 2.57 | 5.01 ± 1.05 | <0.001 | 7.24 ± 2.47 | 5.14 ± 0.58 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.51 ± 1.37 | 5.92 ± 0.33 | <0.001 | 7.50 ± 1.37 | 5.93 ± 0.34 | <0.001 |
| Prior stroke | 3 (0.9) | 6 (1.5) | 0.738 | 3 (1.0) | 2 (0.7) | 1.000 |
| Prior PCI | 76 (24.1) | 89 (22.1) | 0.534 | 65 (22.5) | 62 (21.5) | 0.763 |
| Prior MI | 97 (30.7) | 115 (28.5) | 0.528 | 81 (28.0) | 79 (27.3) | 0.853 |
| Prior CABG | 25 (7.9) | 28 (6.9) | 0.624 | 21 (7.3) | 21 (7.3) | 1.000 |
| Familial history of CAD | 71 (22.5) | 93 (23.1) | 0.847 | 65 (22.5) | 72 (24.9) | 0.494 |
| COPD | 7 (2.2) | 12 (3.0) | 0.527 | 7 (2.4) | 7 (2.4) | 1.000 |
| PVD | 8 (2.5) | 10 (2.5) | 0.966 | 3 (1.0) | 7 (2.4) | 0.202 |
| Insulin-dependent DM | 69 (21.8) | – | – | 60 (20.8) | – | – |
| Baseline medication | ||||||
| Aspirin | 313 (99.1) | 400 (99.3) | 1.000 | 286 (99.0) | 287 (99.3) | 1.000 |
| Clopidogrel | 315 (99.7) | 403 (100.0) | 0.439 | 289 (100.0) | 289 (100.0) | 1.000 |
| Ticagrelor | 1(0.3) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Statin | 305 (96.5) | 390 (96.8) | 0.850 | 279 (96.5) | 279 (96.5) | 1.000 |
| β blocker | 300 (94.9) | 369 (91.6) | 0.078 | 274 (94.8) | 269 (93.1) | 0.383 |
| CCB | 144 (45.6) | 188 (46.7) | 0.773 | 137 (47.4) | 131 (45.3) | 0.617 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%). LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; MI, myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PVD, peripheral vessel disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; CCB, calcium channel blocker.