Table 1.
Patient Preoperative Characteristics.
| Study | Patients | Age, yr | Male | Stroke | COPD | Cr, umol/L | LVEF, % | PVD | HTN | Diabetes | BMI, kg/m2 | Proportion of degenerative mitral disease | Proportion of mitral repair | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | MI | CS | Overall cohort | Overall cohort | |
| Seven studies included in main analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Holzhey et al. (2011)8 | 143 | 143 | 76 ± 3.9 |
76 ± 3.6 |
102 (71) | 98 (69) | 12 (8) | 9 (6) | 13 (9) | 12 (8) | – | – | 58 ± 15 | 58 ± 15 | 21 (15) | 18 (13) | – | – | 32 (22) | 35 (24) | – | – | 83% | 56% |
| Santana et al. (2011)9 | 64 | 96 | 69.4 ± 11 |
64.7 ± 11.5 | 35 (55) | 54 (56) | 3 (5) | 17 (18) | 26 (41) | 34 (35) | 108 ± 44 | 108 ± 44 | 54 ± 13 | 50 ± 14 | 5 (8) | 16 (17) | 60 (94) | 88 (92) | 25 (39) | 35 (36) | 34.8 ± 5.3 | 34.9 ± 4.8 | – | – |
| Lamelas et al. (2011)4 | 119 | 84 | 80.6 ± 4.4 | 79.7 ± 4.4 | 47 (39) | 37 (44) | 19 (16) | 9 (11) | – | – | 94 ± 27 | 94 ± 27 | 58 ± 10 | 54 ± 10 | 7 (6) | 8 (10) | 109 (92) | 80 (95) | 32 (27) | 20 (24) | 26.4 ± 3.9 | 26.4 ± 3.9 | – | – |
| Iribarne et al. (2012)10 | 70 | 105 | 78.6 ± 3.3 | 79.4 ± 3.9 | 43 (61) | 70 (67) | 3 (4) | 9 (9) | 4 (8) | 13 (12) | 88 ± 4 | 97 ± 4 | 52 ± 12 | 50 ± 12 | 2 (3) | 2 (2) | – | – | 5 (7) | 7 (7) | 24 ± 0.5 |
24.5 ± 0.4 | 65% | 61% |
| Hawkins et al. (2018)6 | 47 | 184 | 73.8 ± 6.8 | 73.8 ± 6.1 | 23 (49) | 85 (46) | 2 (4) | 39 (21) | 5 (11) | 31 (17) | 97 ± 46 | 117 ± 97 | 58 ± 10 | 56 ± 10 | 2 (4) | 18 (10) | 2 (4) | 18 (10) | 9 (19) | 49 (27) | – | – | 60% | 42% |
| Losenno et al. (2019)11 | 121 | 41 | 73.9 ± 6.7 | 75.8 ± 6.8 | 71 (59) | 31 (76) | 8 (7) | 5 (12) | 5 (4) | 7 (17) | 86 ± 23 | 102 ± 41 | 62 ± 7 | 61 ± 8 | 5 (4) | 5 (12) | 7 (6) | 7 (17) | 26 ± 5 |
28.4 ± 7.9 | 93% | 100% | ||
| Chen et al. (2019)12 | 20 | 25 | 68.3 ± 2.6 | 69.1 ± 3.6 | 8 (40) | 11 (44) | 0 | 0 | – | – | 99 ± 12 | 106 ± 15 | 51 ± 7 | 50 ± 8 | – | – | 7 (35) | 10 (40) | 5 (25) | 8 (32) | 19.1 ± 2.2 | 18.7 ± 3.1 | – | 0% |
| Three additional studies included in sensitivity analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chen et al. (2017)13,14 | 50 | 50 | 82.9 ± 2.8 | 82.6 ± 2.2 | 27 (54) | 27 (54) | 8 (16) | 7 (14) | – | – | 97 ± 35 | 115 ± 88 | – | – | – | – | 36 (72) | 40 (80) | 2 (4) | 7 (14) | 24 ± 3.8 |
24.6 ± 4 |
– | 80% |
| Peterson et al. (2018)15 | 50 | 145 | 74.5 ± 2.5 | 75 ± 4 |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 100% | |
| Van laeken et al. (2019)16 | 245 | 95 | 68 ± 16 |
72 ± 14 |
117 (48) | 37 (39) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cr, preoperative creatinine; CS, conventional sternotomy; HTN, hypertension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, minimally invasive; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.
Data presented as mean ± SD or n (%).