Table 1.
Patients underwent TAE with different materials for Wunderlich syndrome (WS) with hypovolemic shock secondary to ruptured renal AML.
| Patient No. | Gender/Age |
Symptoms (except
hypovolemic socka) |
Whether
with Aneurysm |
Embolization
Site |
Sessions/
(Embolic materials) |
GSP/PVA | Microcoils | Successb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size (μm) | Numbers | Size (mm) | Numbers | |||||||
| 1 | M/41 | Flank pain | No | RUP | I/GSP | 560–710 | 50 mg | - | - | Yes |
| 2 | M/48 | Hematuria | No | LUP | I/GSP | 560–710 | 100 mg | - | - | Yes |
| 3 | F/61 | Flank pain, Hematuria | No | RMP | I/Microspheres | 500–700 | 1 ml | - | - | Yes |
| 4 | M/40 | Flank pain | Yes | LUP | I/Glubran 2 | 1:7 | 1.4 ml | - | - | Yes |
| 5 | F/37 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | LLP | I/(PVA+Microcoils) | 350–560 | 40 mg | 2*20, 2*30, 3*30 | 3 | Yes |
| 6 | F/64 | Flank pain | Yes | RLP | I/(PVA+Microcoils) | 350–560 | 40 mg | 2*20 | 3 | Yes |
| 7 | M/42 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | LMP | I/(GSP+Microcoils) | 700–900 | 30 mg | 3*30, 4*30, 5*50 | 3 | Yes |
| 8 | F/73 | Flank pain | Yes | LUP | I/(PVA+Microcoils) | 350–560 | 50 mg | 2*30, 3*30, 4*20, 4*30 | 4 | Yes |
| 9 | F/90 | Hematuria | No | RMP | I/PVA | 560–710 | 70 mg | - | - | Yes |
| 10 | F/74 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | LLP | I/Microcoils; II/Microspheres | 100–300 | 1 ml | 2*20, 3*20 | 2 | I No; II Yesc |
| 11 | M/51 | Flank pain | Yes | RLP | I/Glubran 2 | 1:3 | 0.9 ml | - | - | Yes |
| 12 | M/43 | Flank pain | No | RUP | I/GSP | 560–710 | 40 mg | - | - | Yes |
| 13 | M/59 | Flank pain, Hematuria | No | LLP | I/Microspheres | 500–700 | 1 ml | - | - | Yes |
| 14 | M/39 | Flank pain | Yes | LUP | I/Glubran 2 | 1:7 | 1.2 ml | - | - | Yes |
| 15 | F/44 | Hematuria | No | RMP | I/GSP | 560–710 | 100 mg | - | - | Yes |
| 16 | F/41 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | LUP | I/(PVA+Microcoils) | 350–560 | 40 mg | 2*20, 3*30, 3*30 | 3 | Yes |
| 17 | F/72 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | LUP | I/Microcoils; II/Microspheres | 100–300 | 1.1 ml | 2*30, 3*20 | 3 | I No; II Yesc |
| 18 | M/43 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | LUP | I/(GSP+Microcoils) | 700–900 | 20 mg | 3*20, 4*30, 5*50 | 3 | Yes |
| 19 | F/89 | Flank pain | No | LUP | I/PVA | 560–710 | 50 mg | - | - | Yes |
| 20 | F/72 | Flank pain, Hematuria | Yes | RMP | I/(PVA+Microcoils) | 350–560 | 60 mg | 2*20, 3*20, 4*20, 4*30 | 4 | Yes |
| 21 | F/60 | Flank pain | Yes | RLP | I/(PVA+Microcoils) | 350–560 | 30 mg | 2*30 | 3 | Yes |
| 22 | M/56 | Hematuria | Yes | RLP | I/Glubran 2 | 1:3 | 0.8 ml | - | - | Yes |
TAE, transcatheter arterial embolization; WS, Wunderlich syndrome; AML, angiomyolipoma; F, female; M, male; LUP, left upper pole; LLP, left lower pole; RUP, right upper pole; RMP, right middle pole; RLP, right lower pole; GSP, gelatin sponge particles; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol.
a
All patients encountered hypovolemic shock symptom.
b
Success included technical and clinical success.
c
Secondary TAE was achieved in these patients owning to hemorrhage recurrence 2 days after initial TAE. Technical success was achieved. The second clinical success was achieved.