Fig. 5.

Both β-GPA and metformin reduce mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in C2C12 cells. The time course of measurements of OCR and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) are shown in A-D, while the allocation of OCR to different processes is shown in E-F. Mean OCR was reduced following both β-GPA A, E) and metformin treatment C, D). ECAR was reduced by β-GPA following addition of FCCP C), but metformin, a known inhibitor of the electron transport chain, led to chronically high ECAR that was significantly higher than controls for all time points except when FCCP was added and mitochondria were uncoupled D). n=9; ** P≤0.01.