Figure 5.

Liraglutide participates in endothelial protection and angiogenesis to promote diabetic wound healing. (A) Images of skin wounds and (C) confocal immunofluorescence with CD31 of wounded skin tissue sections, scale bars = 20 μm, from db/m mice, db/db mice, and db/db mice receiving Lira (100 nM) or vehicle treatment with saline smeared on the wound. For signaling pathway analysis, AMPK (10 μM) and 2-ME (5 μM) were injected intradermally into the wound edges in the mice, respectively, after Lira was smeared on the wound. (B) Quantification of the proportion of wound areas and (D) CD31-positive cells. All values displayed are means ± SEM of five independent experiments. ^&p < 0.05 vs. db/m mice at D7; ^%p < 0.05 vs. db/db mice or vehicle-treated db/db mice at D7; ^{^}p < 0.05 vs. db/db mice receiving Lira at D7.