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. 2021 Aug 16;12:719349. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719349

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Copyright © 2021 Morin-Poulard, Tian, Vanzo and Crozatier

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Gene regulatory network controlling larval emergency hematopoiesis. The PSC (red) plays an essential role in mounting the cellular immune response. In response to wasp parasitism, increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels in the PSC cause lamellocyte differentiation from lymph gland progenitors (green) and circulating hemocytes. ROS in PSC cells activate Toll/NF-kB and Spitz secretion (sSpi). sSpi, the EGFR ligand, induces lamellocyte fate. Toll/NF-kB activation in the PSC regulates non cell-autonomously lamellocyte differentiation in the lymph gland. EGFR and Toll/NF-kB activation are required to regulate lymph gland stress hematopoiesis.