Table 4.
Radiological findings of ALI patients in the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts.
| Total (n = 220) | COVID-19 (n = 90) | Non-COVID-19 (n = 130) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung involvement | ||||
| Unilateral | 88 (40.0%) | 21 (23.3%) | 67 (51.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Bilateral | 132 (60.0%) | 69 (76.7%) | 63 (48.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Number of lobes with lesions | ||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 | 42 (19.1%) | 9 (10.0%) | 33 (25.4%) | 0.004 |
| 2 | 55 (25.0%) | 11 (12.2%) | 44 (20.0%) | 0.0003 |
| 3 | 38 (17.3%) | 13 (14.4%) | 25 (19.2%) | 0.356 |
| 4 | 68 (30.9%) | 45 (50.0%) | 23 (17.7%) | <0.0001 |
| 5 | 17 (7.7%) | 12 (13.3%) | 5 (3.8%) | 0.018 |
| Location of lesions | ||||
| Left upper lobe | 79 (35.9%) | 39 (43.3%) | 40 (30.8%) | 0.056 |
| Left lower lobe | 150 (68.2%) | 69 (76.7%) | 81 (62.3%) | 0.025 |
| Right upper lobe | 75 (34.1%) | 43 (47.8%) | 32 (24.6%) | 0.0004 |
| Right middle lobe | 151 (68.6%) | 78 (86.7%) | 73 (56.2%) | <0.0001 |
| Right lower lobe | 168 (76.4%) | 81 (90.0%) | 87 (66.9%) | <0.0001 |
| Predominant distribution | ||||
| Central | 41 (18.6%) | 11 (12.2%) | 30 (23.1%) | 0.042 |
| Peripheral | 93 (42.3%) | 38 (42.2%) | 55 (42.3%) | 0.990 |
| Central + Peripheral | 87 (39.5%) | 42 (46.7%) | 45 (34.6%) | 0.072 |
| Characteristic pattern | ||||
| Ground glass opacity (GGO) | 93 (42.3%) | 31 (34.4%) | 62 (47.7%) | 0.051 |
| Consolidation | 65 (29.5%) | 34 (37.8%) | 31 (23.8%) | 0.026 |
| GGO + Consolidation | 50 (22.7%) | 25 (27.8%) | 25 (19.2%) | 0.137 |
| Crazy paving pattern | 36 (16.4%) | 32 (35.6%) | 4 (3.1%) | <0.0001 |
| Linear opacities | 84 (38.2%) | 58 (64.4%) | 26 (20.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Rounded opacities | 49 (22.3%) | 45 (50.0%) | 4 (3.1%) | <0.0001 |
| Halo sign | 28 (12.7%) | 25 (27.8%) | 3 (2.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Nodules | 35 (15.9%) | 29 (32.2%) | 6 (4.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Tree-in-bud sign | 19 (8.6%) | 16 (17.8%) | 3 (2.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Air bronchogram | 44 (20.0%) | 31 (34.4%) | 13 (10.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Interlobular septal thickening | 66 (30.0%) | 56 (62.2%) | 10 (7.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Bronchiolar wall thickening | 42 (19.1%) | 34 (37.8%) | 8 (61.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Cavitation | 11 (5.0%) | 7 (7.8%) | 4 (3.1%) | 0.129 |
| Pleural effusion | 53 (24.1%) | 29 (32.2%) | 24 (18.5%) | 0.019 |
| Pericardial effusion | 16 (7.3%) | 9 (10.0%) | 7 (5.4%) | 0.195 |