Table 1.
Clinical characteristics by BPD status.
| Variable |
With BPD
(n = 149) |
Without BPD
(n = 499) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (males), n (%) | 92 (61.7%) | 242 (48.5%) | 0.005 |
| Maternal age, mean (SD) | 31 (5.72) | 29 (5.73) | <0.001 |
| Gestational age (weeks), mean (SD) | 28 (2.42) | 30 (2.20) | <0.001 |
| Multiple births, n (%) | 50 (34%) | 194 (39%) | 0.239 |
| PROM, n (%) | 52 (35%) | 170 (34%) | 0.851 |
| Intrauterine distress, n (%) | 15 (10%) | 92 (18%) | 0.016 |
| Antenatal corticosteroid, n (%) | 88 (59%) | 290 (58%) | 0.837 |
| Maternal infection, n (%) | 19 (13%) | 56 (11%) | 0.609 |
| Pregnancy complications, n (%) | 39 (26%) | 138 (28%) | 0.722 |
| Normal delivery, n (%) | 103 (69%) | 3,230 (46%) | <0.001 |
| Gross birth weight (g), mean (SD) | 1,094 (195.07) | 1,236 (195.36) | <0.001 |
| A1, mean (SD) | 8 (2.36) | 9 (2.36) | <0.001 |
| A5, mean (SD) | 9 (1.51) | 9 (1.51) | <0.001 |
| RDS, n (%) | 84 (56%) | 133 (27%) | <0.001 |
| Septicemia, n (%) | 30 (20%) | 82 (16%) | 0.294 |
| Anemia, n (%) | 131 (88%) | 324 (65%) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage, n (%) | 13 (6%) | 31 (4%) | 0.179 |
| PDA, n (%) | 3 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 0.325 |
| PFO, n (%) | 50 (34%) | 111 (22%) | 0.005 |
| Phototherapy, n (%) | 109 (73%) | 315 (63%) | 0.024 |
| Respiratory support, n (%) | 141 (95%) | 269 (54%) | <0.001 |
| Duration of oxygen therapy (h) | 1,051 (526.20) | 187 (526.77) | <0.001 |
| Surfactant, n (%) | 91 (61%) | 127 (26%) | <0.001 |
| First PCO2 (mmHg), mean (SD) | 47 (25.66) | 25 (25.67) | <0.001 |
| First MAP (cm H2O), mean (SD) | 9 (4.59) | 5 (4.59) | <0.001 |
| First FIO2 (%), mean (SD) | 39 (23.35) | 20 (23.37) | <0.001 |
PROM, premature rupture of membranes; A1, 1 min Apgar score; A5, 5 min Apgar score; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PFO, patent foramen ovale; First PCO2, first measurement of partial pressure of carbon dioxide; First MAP, first measurement of mean airway pressure; First FIO2, first measurement of fraction of inspiration O2.