Table 3.

Overview of the literature on surgical complications after laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginoplasty.

Author, year	N	Patient characteristics	Primary or secondary	Complications, N (%)
Cai et al, 2007 [32]	26	Cisgender women	Primary (26)	Introital stenosis, 2 (7.7) Bowel obstruction, 1 (3.8) Wound infection, 1 (3.8)
Cao et al, 2013 [33]	14	Cisgender women	Primary (26)	Anastomotic leakage, 1 (7.1) Urinary tract infection, 1 (7.1) Hydronephrosis, 1 (1.7)
Van der Sluis et al, 2016 [34]	21	Transgender women	Secondary (21)	Rectal perforation, 2 (9.5) Intraoperative bladder injury, 1 (4.8) Anastomotic stenosis, 1 (4.8) Bowel obstruction, 1 (4.8)
Bouman et al, 2016 [35]	42	Transgender women	Primary (42)	Introital stenosis, 6 (14.3) Postoperative bleeding, 2 (4.7) Rectal perforation, 1 (2.3) Mucosal prolapse, 1 (2.3) Anastomotic leakage, 1 (2.3) Death due to necrotizing fasciitis, 1 (2.3)
Salgado et al, 2018 [36]	12	Transgender women	Primary (12)	Bowel obstruction, 2 (16.7) Intraoperative bladder injury, 1 (8.3) Deep vein thrombosis, 1 (8.3) Pulmonary embolism, 1 (8.3) Wound infection, 1 (8.3)