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. 2021 Aug 17;9:697642. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.697642

Table 2.

Subgroup analyses of anxiety and depression.

Variable Anxiety Depression
k I2 (%) SP (%) 95% CI (%) k I2 (%) SP (%) 95% CI
Study grade Primary students 4 100 0.15 [0.06, 0.33] 1 NA 0.03 [0.02, 0.05]
Middle students 10 100 0.28 [0.14, 0.50] 7 100 0.21 [0.10, 0.39]
University students 16 100 0.26 [0.19, 0.34] 20 100 0.27 [0.21, 0.35]
Pandemic risk areas High-risk area 1 NA 0.37 [0.34, 0.41] 2 58 0.28 [0.24, 0.31]
Medium-risk area 7 100 0.33 [0.21, 0.49] 4 0 0.26 [0.25, 0.27]
Lower-risk area 3 100 0.24 [0.14, 0.37] 4 99 0.19 [0.11, 0.30]
Low-risk area 8 100 0.17 [0.07, 0.36] 8 100 0.18 [0.09, 0.33]
Pandemic period Occurrence and recessive spread 1 100 0.22 [0.18, 0.26] 1 NA 0.22 [0.18, 0.26]
Rapid spread and outbreak 6 99 0.25 [0.17, 0.34] 5 100 0.25 [0.13, 0.42]
Diffusion containment 15 100 0.22 [0.12, 0.37] 15 100 0.20 [0.13, 0.42]
Diffusion attenuation 2 89 0.42 [0.35, 0.50] 1 NA 0.44 [0.43, 0.45]

SP, summarized proportion; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; NA, only one study did not have a value for the heterogeneity test.