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. 2021 Aug 17;13:718784. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.718784

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Copyright © 2021 Rowland, Jenkinson and Chiou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Experimental setup. (A) Schematic illustration of the setup of data collection. (B) The recognition reaction time (RRT) paradigm and time points where transcranial magnetic simulation (TMS) was given with respect to the expected RRT in the window of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs). (C) Raw electromyography (EMG) traces recorded from left erector spinae (ES) and right anterior deltoid (AD) of a representative young participant during rapid shoulder flexion. Note that the EMG onset of the ES and AD is about the same.