Table 6.

Drugs that affect gastric health and their mode of action.

Drug	Action	Association with gastric disease	Reference
Ranitidine, Cimetidine	Acid suppression	Increases the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma	Rodriguez et al., 2006
Omeprazole, Pantoprazole	Proton pump inhibition	Positive association with gastric diseases.	Mărginean et al., 2018
Metformin	Blood sugar control(Diabetes treatment)	Alleviate gastric disease risk by increase the abundance of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	Forslund et al., 2015
Aspirin	NSAIDS; enhance the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines	Positively associated with gastric ulcer	Musumba et al., 2009