FIGURE 1.

Conditioned medium collected from CRC cell line, CT-26, promotes early osteoclast precursors to differentiate into osteoclasts. (A) Gating strategy for sorting out early osteoclast precursors. (B) Representative images of TRAP staining demonstrating osteoclast formation of early OCPs under stimulation of CT-26 CM or DMEM (scale bar = 250 μm). (C) Quantification of the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts per well in (B). (D) Quantification of relative TRAP activity per well in (B). (E–G) The relative expression of osteoclastogenic biomarkers, MMP2, MMP9, and cathepsin K, was determined by real-time PCR. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.