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. 2021 Aug 23;2021:9913179. doi: 10.1155/2021/9913179

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Rutin can reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and COX-2) and downregulate inflammatory markers and antiproliferative impact. This anti-inflammatory activity is primarily related to the regulation on MAPKs and NF-κB signalling pathways by in vivo and in vitro data (66).