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. 2021 Aug 18;12:704112. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.704112

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Metformin induces beiging of WAT and activation of BAT in DIO mice. In DIO mice, the weight of (A) epididymal adipose tissue (eWAT), (C) subcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT), (E) brown adipose tissue (BAT) were significantly reduced by metformin (p < 0.05). Metformin also reduced the percent of (B) eWAT and (D) sWAT to body weight (p < 0.05) while had no effect on the percent of (F) BAT (p > 0.05). (G) The H&E staining and the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) immunohistochemical staining of adipose tissue with x200 magnification showed that metformin induced beiging of WAT and activation of BAT, which were confirmed by the results of quantification of UCP1 protein expressions in (J) eWAT, (K) sWAT, and (L) BAT (p < 0.05). The size of adipocytes was significantly reduced in (H) eWAT and (I) sWAT by metformin (p < 0.05). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, HFD group vs Chow diet group; # p < 0.05, HFD group vs. HFD + Metformin group; § p < 0.05, HFD + Metformin vs. Chow diet group.