Table 2. Trial factors associated with phase III cancer trial publications receiving higher relative citation ratio.
| Trial Variables | RCR (median [IQR]) | P | Multivariable Regression (β slope [95% CI]) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry-fundinga | ||||
| No (n = 184) | 3.3 [1.6;8.3] | <0.001 | – | |
| Yes (n = 606) | 8.8 [3.1;25.0] | 0.49 [−4.7;5.7] | 0.85 | |
| Cooperative-supporta | ||||
| No (n = 555) | 8.4 [2.8;24.6] | <0.001 | – | |
| Yes (n = 235) | 4.6 [2.2;13.7] | −3.7 [−8.4;0.9] | 0.11 | |
| Disease Site | ||||
| Breast (n = 147) | 4.7 [2.3;12.8] | 0.01 | −10.2 [−15.3;−5.0] | <0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal (n = 98) | 11.0 [3.8;24.5] | 0.01 | −0.6 [−6.4;5.3] | 0.85 |
| Genitourinary (n = 95) | 8.2 [3.4;37.6] | 0.03 | −3.6 [−9.5;2.3] | 0.23 |
| Head and Neck (n = 28) | 4.2 [1.9;20.0] | 0.36 | −5.8 [−14.7;3.1] | 0.20 |
| Hematologic (n = 155) | 7.9 [2.6;18.9] | 0.96 | −13.0 [−18.1;−7.9] | <0.001 |
| Lungs (n = 114) | 7.5 [2.6;20.5] | 0.51 | 3.5 [−2.2;9.3] | 0.23 |
| Modalityb | ||||
| Systemic Therapyc (n = 621) | 9.1 [3.2;25.2] | <0.001 | 2.3 [−40.3;44.8] | 0.92 |
| Radiation Therapy (n = 23) | 8.6 [4.4;20.0] | 0.58 | 3.5 [−40.0;47.0] | 0.88 |
| Surgery (n = 8) | 4.9 [1.4;34.1] | 0.86 | 14.6 [−31.0;60.3] | 0.53 |
| Supportive Cared (n = 136) | 2.6 [1.1;5.1] | <0.001 | 2.6 [−30.9;45.2] | 0.90 |
| Trial Results | ||||
| Negative (n = 357) | 4.0 [1.8;8.6] | <0.001 | – | |
| Positive (n = 411) | 14.4 [4.1;34.3] | 1.2 [−2.7;5.1] | 0.56 | |
| FDA Approval | ||||
| No (n = 565) | 4.1 [1.9;9.3] | <0.001 | – | |
| Yes (n = 225) | 28.8 [14.3;49.3] | 17.5 [12.7;22.3] | <0.001 | |
| JIF | R = 0.60XXXR2 = 0.37 | <0.001 | 0.6 [0.5;0.7] | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: RCR: relative citation ratio; IQR: interquartile range; FDA: Food and Drug Administration. aIndustry funding and cooperative group sponsorship were considered independent variables as certain trials were both industry-funded and performed through a multi-institutional cooperative group. bModality addressed the primary intervention as part of the randomization. cSystemic therapy trials, including chemotherapy, targeted systemic agents, immunotherapy, and others, accounted for most trials by modality; they used systemic therapies to improve disease-related outcomes (e.g., overall survival, disease-free survival). dSupportive care trials were those where the intervention aimed to reduce disease- or treatment-related toxic effects as the primary endpoint.