Table 4.
Profiles of resistance genes in the CIPR/ESBL+ isolates
| Resistance genes | No. (%) of CIPR/ ESBL+ isolates | p-value (ST131 vs. non-ST131) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| ST131 (n= 33) | non- ST131 (n= 27) | |||
| ESBL genes | ||||
| bla CTX-M-15 | 20 (61) | 11 (44) | 0.126 | |
| bla TEM | 4 (11) | 4 (17) | 0.760 | |
| blaCTX-M-15 + blaTEM | 7 (19) | 3 (13) | 0.296 | |
| PMQR genes | ||||
| qnrS | 2 (6) | 7 (26) | 0.032 | |
| qnrB | - | 2 (7) | 0.460 | |
| aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 8 (21) | 4 (11) | 0.364 | |
| qnrS+ qnrB | 2 (6) | 3 (11) | 0.481 | |
| qnrS+ aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 9 (30) | 2 (7) | 0.048 | |
| qnrB+ aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 2 (3) | 2 (7) | 0.835 | |
| qnrS+qnrB+ aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 3 (12) | 4 (15) | 0.492 | |
| Co-existence of ESBL & PMQR genes | ||||
| blaCTX-M-15 +qnrS | 2 (5) | 3 (11) | 0.201 | |
| blaCTX-M-15 +qnrS+qnrB | - | 1 (5) | 0.270 | |
| blaCTX-M-15 +aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 5 (11) | 1 (9) | 0.141 | |
| blaCTX-M-15 +qnrS+aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 6 (24) | 3 (5) | 0.445 | |
| blaCTX-M-15 +qnrB+aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 1 (3) | - | - | |
| blaCTX-M-15 +qnrS+qnrB+aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 2 (3) | 3 (11) | 0.481 | |
| blaTEM +qnrS | - | 2 (7) | 0.427 | |
| blaCTX-M-15 +bl aTEM +qnrS+qnrB+aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 2 (6) | - | 0.193 | |
| blaTEM +qnrS+qnrB - | 1 (4) | 0.270 | ||
| blaCTX-M-15+blaTEM+aac(6′)-Ib-cr | 3 (11) | 2 (9) | 0.257 | |
| QRDR mutations* | ||||
| gyrA | S83L | 2 (13) | 3 (20) | 0.624 |
| D87N | - | 2 (13) | 0.560 | |
| S83L+ D87N | 13 (87) | 10 (66) | 0.099 | |
| parC | S80I | 1 (6.5) | 1 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| E84V | 2 (13) | 4 (27) | 0.361 | |
| S80I+ E84V | 12 (80) | 7 (40) | 0. 058 | |
CIPR/ESBL+, ciprofloxacinresistant/ESBL producer. The bla SHV and qnrA genes were not found in any of the isolates studied. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
*
Frequency of QRDR mutations was calculated for 15 isolates in each ST131 and non-ST131.