Table 4.

Differences in nodal network measures from the cognitive connectome across age groups.

		Early-middle-age vs. Elderly	Early-middle-age vs. Late-middle-age	Late-middle-age vs. Elderly
Global Efficiency	PCV Motor time	↑(0.006)	n.s	↑(<0.001)
	PCV Decision time	↑(0.006)	n.s	↑(<0.001)
	CTT-Part 1	↓(0.006)	n.s	n.s
	HT 1st trial	↑(0.006)	n.s	n.s
	HT Learning	↑(0.006)	n.s	n.s
	HT Long delay	↑(0.006)	n.s	n.s
	FRT	n.s	n.s	↑(<0.001)
Local Efficiency	PCV Motor time	n.s	↓(<0.001)	n.s
	PCV Decision time	↓(<0.001)	↓(<0.001)	n.s
	HT Long delay	↑(<0.001)	n.s	↑(<0.001)
	CTT-Part 1	↓(<0.001)	↓(<0.001)	n.s
	STROOP Words	↓(<0.001)	n.s	n.s
	STROOP Inhibition	n.s	n.s	↓(<0.001)
	Semantic fluency	n.s	n.s	↓(<0.001)
Participation	STROOP Words	n.s	↑(0.003)	n.s
	STROOP Colors	↑(0.006)	↑(0.003)	n.s
	STROOP Inhibition	↑(0.006)	n.s	n.s
	Block Design Total	↑(0.006)	n.s	n.s
Nodal Strength	PCV Motor time	↑(<0.001)	n.s	↑(<0.001)
	PCV Decision time	↓(<0.001)	n.s	n.s
	CTT-Part 1	↓(<0.001)	n.s	n.s

Each column shows between-group differences in local network measures, with the first group as the reference group in the comparison: higher values in the second group in the comparison are indicated with an upwards arrow (e.g., in the “Early-middle-age vs. Elderly” comparison, an upwards arrow indicates that PCV motor time shows a higher global efficiency in the Elderly group than the Early-middle-age group), lower values in the second group in the comparison are indicated with a downwards arrow, and n.s denotes non-significant results. False discovery rate (FDR) adjustment was used at p ≤ 0.05 (two-tailed) for analyses. FDR adjusted p-value within parentheses. PCV, PC-Vienna System; CTT, Color Trails Test; HT, Hanoi Tower; FRT, Facial Recognition Test.