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. 2021 Aug 19;12:730300. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730300

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Alterations in cytokine profiles in heroin addicts during withdrawal. (A–J) The levels of various cytokines in the plasma samples of healthy controls, heroin addicts from AW and PW groups was investigated, including IL-4 (A), Eotaxin (B), G-CSF (C), MCP-1 (D), VEGF (E), IL-2 (F), IL-7 (G), IL-10 (H), IL-17A (I), TNF-α (J). (K–M) Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg balance in heroin addicts across two withdrawal stages (AW and PW). The ratio of Th1/Th2, Th1/Treg (K) and Th1/Th17 (L) was significantly decreased in AW stage, and recovered in PW stage. The ratio of Th2/Th17 and Treg/Th17 (M) was significantly increased in AW stage, and recovered in PW stage. Each dot represents one patient in each group. Values of all significant correlations (p < 0.05) are given with degree of significance indicated (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001). All intergroup comparisons by Mann-Whitney U-test.