Table 3.
Goniometric passive range of motion angles
| Hip, degree | XLH (n = 9) Mean (SD) | Controls (n = 5) Mean (SD) | P a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Right; left hip flexion | 101 (19.8); 107 (17.2) | 122 (2.7); 123 (4.5) | .013; .025 |
| Right; left hip extension | 0.89 (10.7); –1.56 (13.8) | 19 (2.2); 19 (5.5) | .001; .002 |
| Right, left hip abduction | 21 (16.5); 16.4 (18.8) | 40 (0.0); 42 (4.9) | .009; .003 |
| Right, left hip adduction | 20 (9.8); 20 (7.2) | 30 (3.5); 32 (4.5) | .020; .003 |
| Right, left hip internal rotation | 14 (12.6); 14 (9.9) | 37 (13.5); 43 (7.6) | .015; .0001 |
| Right, left hip external rotation | 26 (15.4); 22 (14.8) | 40 (7.1); 43 (4.5) | .042; .002 |
| Knee, degree | XLH (n = 9) Mean (SD) | Controls (n = 5) Mean (SD) | P a |
| Right, left knee flexion | 105 (19.9); 97 (22.9) | 138 (2.5); 141 (2.5) | .001; .0004 |
| Right, left knee extension | −13 (12.5); −12.5 (7.5) | 0 (0); 0 (0) | .023; .002 |
| Ankle, degree | XLH (n = 9) Mean (SD) | Controls (n = 5) Mean (SD) | P a |
| Right, left ankle dorsiflexion | −1 (10.9); 0.6 (8.1) | 10 (0); 8 (2.7) | .014; .030 |
| Right, left ankle plantarflexion | 40 (16.7); 48 (13.2) | 49 (8.9); 51 (2.2) | >.05; >.05 |
| Right, left ankle inversion | 4.9 (0.3); 5 (0) | 5 (0); 5 (0) | >.05; >.05 |
| Right, left ankle eversion | 5 (0); 4.8 (0.3) | 5 (0); 5 (0) | >.05; >.05 |
| Spine, degree | XLH (n = 9) Mean (SD) | Controls (n = 5) Mean (SD) | P a |
| Cervical spine flexion | 36 (14.4) | 46 (0) | >.05 |
| Cervical spine extension | 32 (16.4) | 63 (3) | .001 |
| Cervical spine right rotation | 66 (22.8) | 61 (0.1) | >.05 |
| Cervical spine left rotation | 60 (25) | 60 (2.6) | >.05 |
| Cervical spine right flexion | 29 (134) | 36 (0.9) | >.05 |
| Cervical spine left extension | 29 (10.6) | 35 (3) | .010 |
Abbreviation: XLH, X-linked hypophosphatemia.
aDifference between XLH right and left values relative to control right and left values, respectively