Table 4.

Biomarker change at 6 months by four groups defined by randomization arm (placebo vs. ω-3 FA) and dichotomization by weight loss (<10% or >10%).

	Median relative change and associated P value for change over time
	<10% weight loss		<10% weight loss		>10% weight loss		>10% weight loss
	Placebo		ω-3 FA		Placebo		ω-3 FA
Biomarker or ratio	Group 1 N = 11		Group 2 N = 10		Group 3 N = 11		Group 4 N = 10
Adiponectin	2%	0.33	11%	0.24	19%	0.29	30%	0.037
Leptin	−26%	0.022	−16%	0.0069	−78%	0.0050	−65%	0.0051
Adiponectin:Leptin ratio	35%	0.016	63%	0.017	390%	0.0051	264%	0.0051
Lipocalin-2	13%	0.18	−3%	0.65	−8%	0.51	−34%	0.0093
Resistin	−6%	0.86	−6%	0.39	−8%	0.33	−17%	0.017
PAI-1	−6%	0.66	−10%	0.037	−13%	0.028	−16%	0.022
HGF	−0%	0.93	1%	0.88	−17%	0.028	−20%	0.0093
Omentin	−10%	0.33	7%	0.28	19%	0.48	11%	0.041
CRP	−11%	0.59	−14%	0.51	−6%	0.48	−52%	0.0069
TNFα	−2%	0.33	0%	0.67	−13%	0.57	−4%	0.032
SHBG	10%	0.051	27%	0.013	26%	0.0044	68%	0.0051
Bioavailable estradiol	−11%	0.13	3%	0.81	−14%	0.26	−29%	0.032
Bioavailable testosterone	−13%	0.42	−5%	0.14	−28%	0.29	−47%	0.017
Insulin	−14%	0.42	−20%	0.58	−51%	0.047	−61%	0.0051
Number modulated	2		4		6		14

Note: Biomarkers are grouped into categories of adipokines, cytokines, hormones/growth factors, and insulin. A total of 25 biomarkers or ratios were assessed. There is no adjustment for multiple comparisons so caution is advised in interpretation of the results.

Wilcoxon nonparametric signed-rank test, two-tailed, for within-group differences between baseline and 6 months.