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. 2021 Aug 19;12:694610. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.694610

Table 2.

Self-guided exposure to social threat within the virtual environment.

Pause 1 Pause 2 Pause 3 Pause 4 F-statistic (df) P-value Effect size (η2)
Session 1 ( n = 32)
Audience size 1.81 (0.64) 2.38 (0.61) 2.66 (0.54) 2.78 (0.49) 30.36 (3, 93) <0.001 0.49
Audience reaction 1.59 (0.76) 1.91 (0.69) 2.19 (0.82) 2.09 (0.86) 4.62 (3, 93) 0.005 0.13
Number of prompts 1.53 (0.72) 1.66 (0.74) 1.81 (0.82) 1.78 (0.83) 2.17 (3, 93) 0.121 0.06
Salience of self 1.81 (0.78) 2.12 (0.79) 2.44 (0.80) 2.44 (0.84) 12.44 (3, 93) <0.001 0.29
Session 2 ( n = 25)
Audience size 2.37 (0.74) 2.67 (0.55) 2.74 (0.45) 2.81 (0.40) 7.31 (3, 78) 0.002 0.22
Audience reaction 1.85 (0.82) 2.18 (0.88) 2.41 (0.84) 2.41 (0.84) 5.88 (3, 78) 0.007 0.18
Number of prompts 1.78 (0.80) 1.81 (0.79) 1.93 (0.83) 2.00 (0.83) 2.10 (3, 78) 0.143 0.07
Salience of self 2.30 (0.82) 2.55 (0.75) 2.66 (0.68) 2.78 (0.58) 6.83 (3, 78) 0.002 0.21

The podium did not appear when the participant moved to a higher level of threat exposure due to a programming error; most participants choose not to manipulate this element, so results for manipulation of distance from audience are not reported.