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. 2021 Aug 19;12:720672. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.720672

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Copyright © 2021 Yu, Feng, Li, Liu, Liao, Luo, Wei, Huang, Zhang and Xia.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic diagram of sphingolipid metabolism. (A,B) The molecular structure of S1P and SA1P. (C) Model of sphingolipid metabolism: this schematic model depicts the de novo pathway of sphingolipid metabolism. S1PP, sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase; SphKs, sphingosine kinases; S1P 1–5, S1P receptors 1–5; SPT, serine palmitoyl transferase; KR, ketosphingosine reductase; CS, ceramide synthase; CD, ceramidase; S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate; dhS1P, dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate; DES, dihydroceramide desaturase. Altered metabolites in this study are in red font.