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TNF-α released by macrophage or in serum after incubating with SF SS and SF-SS hydrogel sponges. (A) TNF-α release from macrophages after incubating with cotton gauze, SF SS and SF-SS hydrogel. (B) TNF-α in the serum from mice with different treatments. Data is shown as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). ns, no significant difference, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
