Table 2.

Functions of tear lipocalin.

Function	Interacting partner	References
Scavenger of toxic compounds	Prostaglandins, ceramides, phospholipid, thioredoxin	Redl et al., 1999; Lechner et al., 2001; Wojnar et al., 2002; Gasymov et al., 2005; Glasgow and Abduragimov, 2018b
Transport of vitamins, nutrient	Vitamins A and E	Hong, 1986; Redl et al., 1992; Gasymov et al., 2002a; Glasgow et al., 2002a
Endonuclease activity	DNA (human/microbial)	Yusifov et al., 2000, 2008
Anti-microbial activity	Lipids, siderophores, lysozyme	Josephson and Wald, 1969; Kabara et al., 1972; Selsted and Martinez, 1982; Miller et al., 1988; Bibel et al., 1989; Fluckinger et al., 2004
Acceptor protein for phospholipid transport protein	Phospholipid transport protein, phospholipid	Glasgow and Abduragimov, 2021
Inhibitor of cysteine protease activity	Cysteine protease	Holzfeind et al., 1995; Van't Hof et al., 1997; Wojnar et al., 2001b
Viscosity (Confers non-newtonian sheer thinning behavior)	Polar lipids, lysozyme	Pandit et al., 1999; Tiffany and Nagyová, 2002; Gouveia and Tiffany, 2005
Drug delivery native tear lipocalin	Rifampin	Gasymov et al., 2004a; Staudinger et al., 2014
Drug delivery (Anti and duo-calins)	(e.g.,Vascular endothelial growth factor)	Eyer et al., 2012; Richter and Skerra, 2016