Table 3.
Interacting molecules (ligands) native and non-native of tear lipocalin with binding constants.
| Ligand | Kd (μM) and/or special conditions | References |
|---|---|---|
| Palmitic acid | 8.3–13.5 tritiated palmitic acid apo/holo. 1.5–3.2 Ki | Glasgow et al., 1998a; Gasymov et al., 2011 |
| Lauric acid spin label | 2.4–8.3 apo/holo, | Gasymov et al., 1999a; Glasgow et al., 1999 |
| Lauric acid | 9.1 Ki apo | Gasymov et al., 1999a |
| Stearic acid | 1.3 Ki apo | Gasymov et al., 1999a |
| Fatty alcohols C14-C18 | NA | Glasgow et al., 1995, 1998b |
| 16-(9-anthroyloxy)palmiticacid(16-AP) | 0.8 | Gasymov et al., 1999a |
| Cholesterol | 15.9 Ki apo | Gasymov et al., 1999a |
| L-α-lysophosphatidylcholine | 1.2–1.5 Ki and IC50 | Gasymov et al., 1999a, 2005 |
| 2-(6-(7 nitrobenz-2-oxa,1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)hexanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (NBD C6-HPC) | 0.15 | Gasymov et al., 2005 |
| Ceramide C6 NBD | 0.08–0.32 (various methods) | Glasgow and Abduragimov, 2018b |
| Ceramide C12 NBD | 0.1–1.23 (various methods | Glasgow and Abduragimov, 2018b |
| Retinol (Vitamin A) | 0.13–0.19 apo pH7, pH3; 0.6 holo | Redl et al., 1992; Gasymov et al., 2002a; Breustedt et al., 2006 |
| Retinoic acid | 1.8 | Breustedt et al., 2006 |
| Retinal | 0.39 | Gasymov et al., 2002a |
| Vitamin E | >2.8 (displacement methods) | Glasgow et al., 2002b |
| Arachidonic acid | 0.35 (IC50) | Lechner et al., 2001 |
| 7β-hydroxycholesterol | 0.27 (IC50) | Lechner et al., 2001 |
| 8-isoprostane | 0.94 (IC50) | Lechner et al., 2001 |
| 13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid | 1.1 (IC 50 | Lechner et al., 2001 |
| 4-Hydroxynonenal | 16.8 | Lechner et al., 2001 |
| Lactoferrin and lysozyme | NA (shown by EPR | Gasymov et al., 1999b |
| Triacetylfusarinine C | 0.5–1.5 (various methods) | Fluckinger et al., 2004 |
| Rhodotorulic acid | ~0.13(IC 50) | Fluckinger et al., 2004 |
| Rifampin | 128 (circular dichroism) | Gasymov et al., 2004a; Staudinger et al., 2014 |
| Rifalazil | 2.3 (centrifugal precipitation) | Staudinger et al., 2014 |
| Rifabutin | 22.3* (gel filtration) | Gasymov et al., 2004a; Staudinger et al., 2014 |
| Rifaximin | 38.4* | Gasymov et al., 2004a; Staudinger et al., 2014 |
| Rifamycin SV | 63.8* | Gasymov et al., 2004a; Staudinger et al., 2014 |
| Rifapentine | 38.4* | Gasymov et al., 2004a; Staudinger et al., 2014 |
| DAUDA(11-(((5-(dimeth-lyamino)−1-naphthalenyl)sulfonyl)amino)undecanoicacid) | 1.0–2.8 | Gasymov et al., 1999a; Lechner et al., 2001; Breustedt et al., 2006 |
| ANS (8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid) | 0.5–10 | Breustedt et al., 2006; Gasymov et al., 2008 |
| 1NPN,N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine | 9.1 | Gasymov et al., 2008 |
| Fluorescein-labeled octadecyl ester | NA | Yeh et al., 2013 |
| TNS, 6-(p-toluidino)-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid | 7.6 | Gasymov et al., 2008 |
NA not available.
*
Calculated from gel filtration relative to rifampin.