(a) Mice were randomly divided into AAV5-hSyn-EGFP (control), NMDA (lesion) and AAV8-Pcp2-hM3Dq-mCherry (PC-M3) groups, followed by a series of behavioral tests. Clozapine-N-oxide (CNO, 1 mg/kg) was given to all the groups before each test. Mice were sacrificed 90 min after the final test (free social interaction, FSI) and c-Fos immunostaining was performed. (b) Examples of the sagittal view of cerebellar slices from the control, lesion and PC-M3 groups. Fluorescence in lobule IV/V was EGFP (control), DAPI (lesion) or mCherry (PC-M3). Zoom-in images are shown in bottom panels. In the control group, EGFP was found preferentially in granule cells and interneurons. In the lesion group, cell loss was seen in molecular layer (ML), Purkinje cell (PC) layer, and granular layer (GL). In the PC-M3 group, only PCs were labelled with mCherry. (c) Diagrams of the coronal view of cerebellar sections. Affected areas in lobule IV/V are highlighted in green (EGFP in control group), grid-shaped (lesions in lesion group) and red (mCherry in PC-M3 group), respectively. Numbers indicate distance relative to the bregma.