Table 3.

Demographic and Geographic Correlates of Latent Classes of Drug Overdose Deaths in Maryland, 2016–2018

	Fentanyl-Involved Speedball vs. Fentanyl/Alcohol		Fentanyl-Involved Speedball vs. Prescription Drugs		Fentanyl/Alcohol vs. Prescription Drugs
	b (95% CI)	p	b (95% CI)	p	b (95% CI)	p
Year
2016	-	-	-	-	-	-
2017	0.61 (0.32, 0.89)	<0.001	0.66 (0.35, 0.98)	<0.001	0.06 (−0.26, 0.38)	0.723
2018	0.96 (0.68, 1.24)	<0.001	1.30 (0.98, 1.61)	<0.001	0.34 (−0.00, 0.67)	0.052
Age
18–29	-	-	-	-	-	-
30–44	−0.56 (−0.94, −0.18)	0.004	−0.55 (−0.96, −0.14)	0.009	0.01 (−0.50, 0.52)	0.959
45–59	−1.08 (−1.45, −0.71)	<0.001	−0.95 (−1.36, −0.53)	<0.001	0.13 (−0.37, 0.63)	0.604
≥60	−1.47 (−1.94, −1.00)	<0.001	−1.90 (−2.41, −1.39)	<0.001	−0.43 (−1.02, 0.16)	0.149
Female Sex	0.76 (0.43, 1.08)	<0.001	−1.06 (−1.33, −0.80)	<0.001	−1.82 (−2.18, −1.47)	<0.001
White Race	0.51 (0.26, 0.75)	<0.001	−1.10 (−1.44, −0.77)	<0.001	−1.61 (−1.95, −1.27)	<0.001
Baltimore City/County	−0.25 (−0.49, −0.01)	0.042	−0.06 (−0.33, 0.22)	0.678	0.19 (−0.10, 0.48)	0.190
Quinine	2.08 (1.78, 2.38)	<0.001	3.83 (3.02, 4.63)	<0.001	1.75 (0.91, 2.58)	<0.001

Note. Cases with missing data were removed listwise (n=44). The vast majority of fentanyl cases are due to the use of illicit fentanyl for non-medical purposes. Estimates represent betas and associated p-values. Bolded p-values denote statistical significance.