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. 2021 Aug 19;9:625877. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.625877

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Ti–M–H coating promotes osteogenesis in vitro. (A) Representative images of osteoblasts that adhered to the coating surface for 0.5 h by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. (B) Quantitative results of MC3T3-E1 cells that adhered to the coating surface for 0.5, 1, and 4 h. (C) Fluorescent images of cell skeleton of MC3T3-E1 cells after 24 h of incubation on the sample surface. (D) Scanning electron microscopy images of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the coating surface for 1 day. (E) Live/dead images of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the sample surface for 1, 3, and 5 days. (F) MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation on the coating surface as determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. (G) ALP staining images of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the coating surface for 7 days. (H) Quantification of collagen secretion of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the coating surface for 7 and 14 days. (I) Quantification of extracellular matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cell cultured on the coating surface for 7 and 14 days. *P < 0.05 compared with Ti–M. #P < 0.05 compared with Ti–M–H1. &P < 0.05 compared with Ti–M–H4. **P < 0.01 compared with Ti–M. ##P < 0.01 compared with Ti–M–H1. &&P < 0.01 compared with Ti–M–H4. The experiments were repeated three times.