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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2021 Sep 2;184(18):4597–4611. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.08.005

Figure 1. Cell microenvironment in organ-on-a-chip (OOC) engineering.

Figure 1.

A OOCs rely on the use of cells, biomaterials and culture systems (bioreactors) to recreate environments to reproduce key functional properties of the tissue or organ of interest. B Living cell-made structures in OOC devices are on the order of μm-mm in size, similar to organoids, whereas regenerative engineering recreates structures on the order of mm-cm.