Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with SFTS-associated encephalitis/encephalopathy
| All SFTS patients (N = 109) |
Encephalitis/encephalopathy patients (N = 30) |
Non-encephalitis/encephalopathy patients (N = 79) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, years | 60.69 ± 12.53 | 64.07 ± 10.21 | 59.34 ± 13.16 | 0.086 |
| Sex, male (%) | 45 (41.3) | 18 (60) | 27(34.2) | 0.028 |
| Days prior to admission (days) | 6.95 ± 2.42 | 6.73 ± 2.30 | 7.04 ± 2.57 | 0.559 |
| Underlying diseases, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 24 (22.2) | 9 (30) | 15 (19) | 0.163 |
| Diabetes | 12 (11) | 6 (20) | 6 (7.6) | 0.071 |
| Clinical manifestation, n (%) | ||||
| Fever | 109 (100) | 30 (100) | 79 (100) | – |
| Headache | 44(40.4) | 30 (100) | 14 (17.7) | < 0.001 |
| Cough | 36 (33.3) | 15 (50) | 21 (26.6) | 0.014 |
| Wheezing | 33 (30.3) | 16 (53.3) | 17 (21.5) | 0.002 |
| Dyspnoea | 10 (9.23) | 6 (20) | 4 (5.1) | 0.013 |
| Vomiting/diarrhoea | 10 (9.2) | 1 (0.9) | 9 (8.3) | 0.002 |
| Laboratory findings at admission | ||||
|
Leukocytes (*109/L) (normal range, 4–10) |
2.85 (1.70–4.63) | 2.80 (1.78–4.55) | 3 (1.63–4.68) | 0.763 |
| Percentage of neutrophils (%) (normal range, 50–70) | 55.10 (39.58–72.60) | 58.8 (48.9-74.78) | 52.15 (38.03–72.60) | 0.167 |
|
Percentage of lymphocytes (%) (normal range, 20–40) |
34.05 (20.70-45.35) | 30.1 (21.35–41.83) | 35.8 (20.7-47.23) | 0.309 |
|
Haemoglobin (g/L) (normal range, 110–160) |
127.50 (115–142) | 130.5 (118–143) | 126.5(114.75-141.25) | 0.433 |
|
Platelets (*109/L) (normal range, 100–300) |
47.50 (32–66.25) | 42.5 (29.5-64.25) | 49 (33.25–69.75) | 0.208 |
|
PCT (µg/L) (normal range,0-0.5) |
0.30 (10.12–0.86) | 0.58 (0.24–3.17) | 0.22 (0.1–0.73) | 0.005 |
|
CRP (mg/L) (normal range,0–8) |
6.8 (3.15–15.2) | 11.55 (4.15–38.75) | 5.4 (3–12) | 0.016 |
|
ALT (U/L) (normal range, 0–40) |
73.2 (51.05–137.2) | 83 (60.58-168.43) | 71.1 (148.8-120.7) | 0.167 |
|
AST (U/L) (normal range, 0–40) |
159.05 (89.55–264.40) | 231.90 (129.93-547.73) | 122.3 (88.28–234.75) | 0.008 |
|
LDH(U/L) (normal range, 109–245) |
1679 (1326–2595) | 1683 (1245–2788) | 1430 (1125–2846) | 0.623 |
|
CK(U/L) (normal range, 25–200) |
1027 (506–1528) | 1110 (392–2020) | 993 (465–1720) | 0.912 |
|
Amylase (U/L) (normal range, 25–115) |
119 (61–195) | 185 (87–266.5) | 105 (47–163) | 0.003 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
| Respiratory failure | 10 (9.2) | 6 (20) | 4 (5.1) | 0.013 |
| Vasopressors use | 27 (24.8) | 13 (43.3) | 14 (17.7) | 0.001 |
| Acute kidney injury | 17 (15.6) | 8 (26.7) | 9 (11.4) | 0.074 |
| Bacteraemia | 12 (11) | 8 (26.7) | 4 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
| Probable or proven-IPA | 38 (34.9) | 17 (56.7) | 21 (26.6) | 0.004 |
| Treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Immunoglobulin | 35 (32.1) | 14 (46.7) | 21 (26.6) | < 0.001 |
| Ribavirin | 102 (93.6) | 30 (100) | 72 (91.1) | 0.097 |
| Methylprednisolone | 22 (20.2) | 10 (33.3) | 12 (15.2) | < 0.001 |
| Outcome | ||||
| ICU transfer, n (%) | 16 (14.7) | 11 (36.7) | 5 (6.3) | < 0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 9 (6.5–13) | 9 (6–11.25) | 10 (7–13) | 0.272 |
| In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 23 (21.1) | 13 (43.3) | 10 (12.7) | < 0.001 |
PCT procalcitonin, CRP C-reactive protein, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, LDH lactic dehydrogenase, CK creatine kinase, IPA invasive pulmonary aspergillosis